English Composition/Sentence Structure
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=== Simple Sentences === | === Simple Sentences === | ||
| - | There is no clause and there is only one relationship between subject | + | There is no clause, and there is only one relationship between subject |
and verb (subject and predicate). | and verb (subject and predicate). | ||
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In this way, how to write the type of the underlined part (S is the | In this way, how to write the type of the underlined part (S is the | ||
| - | main part, V is the predicate, O O1 O2 etc is the object, the first | + | main part, V is the predicate, O O1 O2, etc. is the object, the first |
| - | object, the second object). | + | an object, the second object). |
Here, it is expressed as follows for convenience. And I will use this | Here, it is expressed as follows for convenience. And I will use this | ||
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Decide whether the following sentences are simple（S）, compound（C）, or complex（X）. | Decide whether the following sentences are simple（S）, compound（C）, or complex（X）. | ||
| - | # Nothing | + | # Nothing surprises me anymore.（ ） |
# My brother likes soccer and plays for a local team.（ ） | # My brother likes soccer and plays for a local team.（ ） | ||
# My brother likes soccer, and he plays for a local team. （ ） | # My brother likes soccer, and he plays for a local team. （ ） | ||
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Use a conjunction to form a compound or a complex sentence. Write the sentence. | Use a conjunction to form a compound or a complex sentence. Write the sentence. | ||
| - | # Tom works in sales department. Miyuki works in accounting. | + | # Tom works in the sales department. Miyuki works in accounting. |
| - | # The library was closed. I could not borrow reference books for my | + | # The library was closed. I could not borrow reference books for my studies. |
# Turn to the left at that corner. You’ll find the station. | # Turn to the left at that corner. You’ll find the station. | ||
# Everybody promised to attend. Nobody showed up at the meeting. | # Everybody promised to attend. Nobody showed up at the meeting. | ||
Latest revision as of 23:09, 14 November 2019
English Composition ＞ Sentence Structure
Contents |
3 types of sentences
There are three main types of sentences:
Simple Sentences
There is no clause, and there is only one relationship between subject and verb (subject and predicate).
e.g :
The Rangers won.
S V
In this way, how to write the type of the underlined part (S is the main part, V is the predicate, O O1 O2, etc. is the object, the first an object, the second object).
Here, it is expressed as follows for convenience. And I will use this writing method after that.
The Rangers(S) won(V).
We(S) enjoyed(V) the party(O).
I(S1) and my sister(S2) enjoyed(V) the party(O).
Mr. Chen(S) called(V) the police(O1) and the ambulance(O2).
I(S) will read(V1) a book or watch(V2) TV tonight.* *There are two verbs “will read” “watch” but there is only one subject, so a single sentence.
Carlos(S) speaks(V1) English but doesn't read(V2) it.* *This is also two verbs "speaks" "does not read" but there is only one subject, so a single sentence.
Compound Sentences
Two or more independent clauses are connected in the equal relationship by the coordinate conjunctions <and, but, or, for, nor, yet, so>, and each clause has a main part and a predicate.
e.g :
It(S) was(V) too hot, so I(S) opened(V) the window(O).
It(S) is(V) a nice house(O), but it(S) doesn't have(V) a garage(O).
My mother(S) bought(V) some fresh greens, and we(S) made(V) salad.
Complex Sentences
A sentence in which there are two or more clauses including the subject + predicate, and the main clause and the subordinate clause are connected by the subordinate conjunction <that, when, while, as, if, though, till, because, etc ...>.
e.g :
I(S) think(V) that they(S) are(V) quite serious.
While the children(S) were getting dressed(V), their father(S) prepared(V) their breakfast.
We(S) didn't go swimming(V) because the weather(S) was bad(V) and the water(S) was polluted(V).
Compound-Complex Sentences
A sentence with two or more main clauses:
e.g :
Even though the weather(S) is bad(V), Paul(S) is driving(V) to Orlando and Ann(S) is flying(V) to Miami.
Exercise
Exercise1
Decide whether the following sentences are simple（S）, compound（C）, or complex（X）.
- Nothing surprises me anymore.（ ）
- My brother likes soccer and plays for a local team.（ ）
- My brother likes soccer, and he plays for a local team. （ ）
- The students were late because there was a traffic accident. （ ）
- I have two sisters but no brothers. （ ）
- Joe is married, and he has two children. （ ）
- I don’t drink or smoke. （ ）
- I don’t drink, and I don’t smoke. （ ）
Exercise2
Use a conjunction to form a compound or a complex sentence. Write the sentence.
- Tom works in the sales department. Miyuki works in accounting.
- The library was closed. I could not borrow reference books for my studies.
- Turn to the left at that corner. You’ll find the station.
- Everybody promised to attend. Nobody showed up at the meeting.
